Thyroid Coding: Learn When to Report Dissections Distinct From Thyroidectomy

Remember, "Functional," "selective," and "radical" denote the same procedure.

Believing you know thyroidectomy codes completely may set you up for disaster. You actually have to study the code descriptors and identify the terminology related with neck dissection to precisely code these procedures. Follow this expert medical coding advice and know what CPT codes you should select in this case.

Medical Coding Tip: While coding for thyroidectomy procedures (60240-60271), keep a close watch on the code descriptors. A lot of of them include all of the procedures that the otolaryngologist carried out, thus you won't have to report further codes for the auxiliary services.

Decide Whether to Report Dissections

Test yourself with the following example.

Assume your otolaryngologist does away with both thyroid lobes with the isthmus and pyramid lobe tissue. He furthermore classifies and excises all enlarged lymph nodes. The malignancy has not spread considerably, thus the otolaryngologist excises merely a few selection of lymph nodes. Accordingly, he carries out a thyroidectomy with restricted neck dissection. What CPT codes must you report, and should you report a distinct code for the dissection?

Answer 1: You must report only 60252 (Thyroidectomy, total or subtotal for malignancy; with limited neck dissection). You must not report a distinct code for the dissection. This code comprises reimbursement for the thyroidectomy as well as the limited dissection.

What in case the physician states in the operative note that she carried out a "central neck dissection?" What would you code in this particular situation?

Answer 2: A central neck dissection is alike the example above and signifies a limited neck dissection, not a radical neck nor a modified radical neck dissection. Consequently, in case it is stated that a central neck dissection is carried out with a total thyroidectomy, you would report 60252 (Thyroidectomy, total or subtotal for malignancy; with limited neck dissection).

Let's try a different example. Throughout a total thyroidectomy, an otolaryngologist dissects all the levels of lymph nodes and should sacrifice the spinal accessory nerve, jugular vein along with the sternocleidomastoid muscles to eliminate a malignant lymphatic chain. What CPT codes should you report, and should you report a distinct code for the dissection?

Answer 3: In the above case, you must report only the thyroidectomy along with radical neck dissection with 60254 (Thyroidectomy, total or subtotal for malignancy; with radical neck dissection). By definition, you must not distinctly report the radical neck dissection (38720, Cervical lymphadenectomy [complete]).

CPT, though, throws you a curve ball once your physician combines thyroidectomy along with modified radical neck dissection. None of the thyroidectomy CPT codes identify this combination, which you'll have to code out distinctly.